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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-S heet 1. E. F. TRENT. LAMP No. 519,854. Patented May 15, 1894...

In L k it? 1 j i (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E. F. TRENT.

LAMP.

Patented May 15, 189 1..v

wumnamu. c. c.

. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EUGEN E F. TRENT, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

LAM P.

SFECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 519,854, dated May 15, 1894.

Application filed September 5, 1889. Renewed March 31, 1891. Sierial No. 387,112- (No model.)

To whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE F. TRENT, of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Lamps, of which the following is a specification. I

I will describe a lamp embodying my improvement and then point out the novel features in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a central vertical section of a lamp embodying my improvement. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same with certain parts removed. Fig. 3 is a top view of the wick tube and the parts removed from the lamp as it is represented in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the wick tube and certain other parts. Fig. 5 is a side view of a tube forming part of a wick adjuster. Fig. 6 is a perspective View of another partof the Wick adjuster. Fig. 7 is a central vertical section of the upper portion of a lamp of somewhat modified construction. Fig. 8 is a horizontal section of the lamp of the construction illustrated in Fig.7, the section being taken at the plane of the dotted line no as Fig. 7. Fig. 9.is a partial sectional side view of certain parts employed for adj usting the wick. Fig. 10 is an inverted plan or bottom view of the parts represented in Fig. 9.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Referring to the lamp illustrated in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, A A designate the wick tube which is here shown as composed of two cylindric shells arranged one, A, concentrically within the other and at such a distance therefrom as to leave a space of proper size to accommodate a wick in tubular form. As shown, the two shells A A are of the same length and both extend to the bottom of the oil reservoir or fount, B, of the lamp. The space within the wick tube is closed at the bottom A and oil supplied thereto by pipes A extendthese pipes A oil conductors A, which, as

here shown, consist of rods, wires, threads or strips extending downwardly from the pipes A to a point opposite the central draft tube. Any oil which may pass down the central draft tube will flow along the pipes A to the oil conductors A, and be so directed by the latter that it will drip into a cup, A arranged in the lower part of the lamp. I have shown the reservoir as provided with a perforated filling well B. of cylindric form, and this well as furnished with a float b and a removable cap 12'. The inner shell A of the wick tube forms the central draft tube of the lamp, receiving air from the lower portion of the lamp and conducting it to the inner surface of the flame. Within this shell or draft tube is a cylindric tubularshell, C, which, as here shown, is open at the ends, is perforated throughout its extent and is providod with a perforated diaphragm near the upper end. The shell, 0, is located between spiders c atfixed within the central draft tube. Above the central draft tube are deflectors or spreaders D D As shown, the upper one D is somewhat larger diametrically than the lower. These deflectors or spreaders are supported by a post or rod D extending upwardly through the central draft tube and supported by the spiders c and a similar spider d. This post, D, as illustrated in the drawings underconsideration, is made in two sections, the lower of which may be secured in the spiders and the upper of which is detachable from the lower by reason of the fact that it is provided with a tubular socket which fits over the upper end of the lower section and is retained by.

friction or otherwise while'in use. flectors or spreaders may be of the same construction. Their construction may be best understood by reference to Fig.7.. As shown, each consists of a bushing d fitting the post D friction tight, two adjacent annular plates (1 surrounding the bushing, an annular plate 01 of mica and a binding (1 protecting the outer edge of the mica. The mica at theinner edge fits between the annular plates, and the bushing d has its edgesturned outwardly over the inner edges of the annular plates to secure them in position. The partscl d d may be made of sheet metal as, for instance, sheet brass. Micacan be employed in the' deflectors or spreaders to advantage, primarily be- Both deordinary construction.

the tip of the wick tube.

cause being translucent its use will obviate the shadows which are incident to the use of deflectors or spreaders of ordinary construction and secondarily, because it is a very poor conductor of heat and for this reason does not transmit heat down through the post into the lamp as does a deflector or spreader of I may omit the annular plates cl and use the bushing in connection with the mica without said annular plates 01*. Air escaping from the upper end of the central draft tube A will be deflected or spread by the deflectors or spreaders D D against the inner surface of the flame.

Having now explained the parts relating to the central or inner draft, I will turn my attention to the parts relating to the outer draft.

E designates a tube surrounding the outer shell A of the wick tube and extending from the bottom of the reservoir up to the level of The space between the outer shell A of the wick tube and the tube E is open at the bottom so that air may pass from the lower part of the lamp into the space and ascend to the flame. The tube E is secured to the bottom of the reservoir. The two shells A A of the wick tube may be supported. solely by the pipes A I have, however, shown a numberof braces or brackets e secured to the exterior of the outer shell A of the wick tube and extending to the inner surface of the tube E. They may merely come in contact with-the tube E or they may be secured thereto.

G designates adefiector of conoidal form arranged outside the upper part of the tube E. It will be observed that this deflector turns abruptly inward at the top and extends entirely'over the top of the space between the tube E and the outer shell A of thewick tube. Owing to this the column of air passing up within the tube E will be turned by this deflector toward the flame. There is a space between the tube E and the adjacent portion of the deflector G and through this another column of air may ascend so as to meet and unite with the column of air ascending from the tube E. The column of air which passes up the deflector outside the tube E gains access to the deflector by passing first through an air distributer H and afterward through a second air distributer H The air distributer H is shown as having a cylindrical collar-like portion h at the lower end and this fits around a cylindrical bar like portion 5 of the reservoir and rests upon a shoulder b at the base of the cylindrical portion. While mentioning. this cylindrical portion h, I may add that the upper portion of the reservoir is extended from the upper end of said cylindrical portion downwardly and inwardly so as to form a drip cut I), which may catch oil. The bottom of this drip cup is intended to communicate with the interior'of the reservoir. It may do so through openings 6 I designates a shell in which the air distributerH may be secured by solder or 0th erwise. This shell I, and the air distributer H are adapted to rest upon the top of the air distributer H and to be removed therefrom at pleasure. The shell I is provided near the upper end with inwardly turned lugs 't' which serve as supports for the deflector G and with spring fingers i which serve the purpose of sustaining a chimney. The spring fingers are shown as made separately from the shell I and secured against the inner side thereof. They serve to center the deflector and to hold it away from the shell I so as to leave a space for the circulation of air between the shell and the deflector in order to reduce the transmission of heat from the de flector or the chimney to the said shell. I have represented the base of the deflector by a dotted circle in Fig; 3 in order that the way this space is provided may be clearly understood.

Before concluding my discussion of the features relating to the outside air draft, I desire to call attention to the fact that one column of air passes upwardly without interruption through the tube E to the base of the flame and another column of air passes through the air distributers and outside the tube E to the flame.

I will now describe the means for adjusting the wick. It will be observed that the outer shell A? of the wick tube has in the upper portion at diametrically opposite points slots a These slots at the upper end are in the present instancecrossed by a band. In these slots work horizontallyextendin-g arms J which have downwardly extending portions attached to a wick ring J. may be made in the ordinary manner to engage the wick, as,v for instance, by means of spurs. The upper portion of the tube E has slots 6' corresponding to the slots at in the shell A of the wick tube.

Surrounding the upper portion of the tube E is a tube or shell K, having two spiral slots 70. The arms J, after passing through the slots in the shell A of the wick tube and in the tube E, engage with the slots is, henceby rotating the shell or tube, the arms J and consequently the wick may be raised or lowered. On the exterior of the shell or tube K are lugs which engage with notches h formed in the inner edge of the air distributer H It is evident that by rotating the shell I and the air distributer H the shell or tube K will be rotated so as to effect the ad j ustment of the wick. I have shown the lugs k as provided at the lower extremities with lateral projections which serve to prevent the shell or tube Kfrom rising within the air distrib-uter H.

In Fig. 7, the Wick tube is of the construe tion already described, the armsJ have solely a horizontal extension and project from the wick ring J through the slots so into the space between the outer shell A of the wick tube and an upper section E of the tube E. Within the space just referred to the shell or This wick ring tube K is located. Its spiral slots 7.: are open at the bottom of the shell and it is owing to this feature of construction that the arms J need only a horizontal extension, whereas,

owing to the fact that the slots in the shell or tube K of the first example of my improvement are closed at the bottom, the arms J i need a vertical extension so as to admit of their being sprung inwardly toward each other to enter the slots in the shell or tube.

It will be observed from an inspection of Fig. 7 that in the lamp constituting the second example, the shell E preferably terminates shortly above the drip cup 12 The upper section E of this shell E at the lower end surrounds the upper portion of the tube E proper and is secured to the shell or tube K so as to rotate with it. The lugs are shown as arranged on the exterior of the section E of the outer draft shell. These lugs are intended to co-act with the air distributer H in the manner explained with reference to the lugs k first described. The rotation of the air distributer H in this example of my improvement effects the rotation of the section E of the outer draft tube as well as the rotation of the shell or tube K to effect the adjustment of the Wick. In the example represented by Figs. 7, 8 and 9, lugs 70 may be soldered to the section E of the outer draft tube and be provided with horizontal extensions passing through said section E and at the extremities riveted or otherwise secured to the shell or tube K. This enables the lugs to subserve the additional purpose of securing pieces whereby the sectionE and the shell or tube K will be properly united. At the lower end of the shell or tube K there are outwardly extending lugs k and these serve to secure the said shell or tube to the section E of the outer draft tube. Two of these lugs k are located, one

at the lower extremity of each of the slots 70,

in the shell or tube K and these lugs are cut away or notched so that the arms J may pass up through them. These lugs 70 which are at the lower extremities of the slots is serve to bridge across the extremities of the slots and brace the shell or tube. The shell or tube K and the section E of the outer draft tube may be supported by the contact of the lugs with the top of the outer draft tube proper E, or by the resting of the lower edge of the said section E upon the bottom of the drip cup 19 or in any other suitable manner.

In the present case I show a wick raising mechanism having features similar to that shown and claimed in my pending application, Serial No. 257,524, filed December 10, 1887, but it is to be understood that I do not claim the combination herein, as set forth in said application, Serial No. 257,524.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In a lamp the combination with a reservoir and a wick tube composed of two shells extending upwardly from the bottom of the reservoir, the inner tube constituting a central draft tube, of three ormore pipeshaving up-turned ends and extending from the reservoir to the space between the shells of the wick tube, the curved portion of the pipes being below the bottom of the fount and the said pipes serving to support and center the wick tube, substantially as specified.

2. In a lamp the combination of areservoir, a wick tube composed of two shells both extending upwardly from the bottom of the reservoir and the inner constituting a central draft tube, an outer draft tube surrounding the outer shell of the wick tube and also extending upwardly from the bottom of the reservoir and three or more U-shaped pipes providing a communication between the reservoir and wick space outside the outer air draft tube and serving to center and support the wick tubes, substantially as specified.

8. In a lamp, the combination of a reservoir, a wick tube composed of two continuous shells extending from the bottom of the reservoir, the inner constitutinga central draft tube, an outer air draft tube surrounding the outer shell of the wick tube and extending to the tip thereof, a deflector surrounding the outer air draft tube and having provision for a circulation of air within it around said outer air draft tube and U-shaped pipes outside the outer air draft tube providing a passage for oil from the reservoir to the wick space, substantially as specified.

4. In a lamp, the combination with an annular wick tube, of a deflector or spreader consisting of a plate of transparent material hav' ing its edge protected by an annular binding, substantially as specified.

5. In a lamp, the combination of a reservoir, a wick tube composed of two shells both extending upwardly from the bottom of the reservoir and the inner constituting a central draft tube, an outer draft tube surrounding the outer shell of the wick tube and also extending upwardly from the bottom of the res ervoir, pipes extending from the space within the wick tube to the reservoir outside the outer draft tube, oil conductors extending inwardly and downwardly from said pipes and a drip cup below the oil conductors, substantially as specified.

6. The combination with the deflector G, of the shell, I, provided with lugs, z', for supporting said deflector and with chimney supporting fingers a" secured to its inner surface and centering the deflector so as to leave a space within said shell surrounding said defiector, substantially as specified.

7. In a lamp, the combination with a reservoir, a wick tube composed of two continuous shells, the inner of which constitutesa central draft tube, and an outer air draft tube surrounding the outer shell of the wick tube, the outer shell of the wick tube and the outer air draft tube having diametrically opposite vertical slots in the upper portion, of a rotary shell or tube provided with spiral slots and surrounding the outer air draft tube and a wick carrier having horizontally projecting arms extending through the slots in the outer shell of the wick tube and outer air draft tube into the slots of the said rotary shell or tube, substantially as specified.

8. In a lamp, the combination with a reservoir and a wick tube composed of two shells, of an outer air draft tube surrounding the outer shell of the wick tube and composed of two sections, the upper of which is rotary, and awick carrier operated by said rotary section substantially as specified.

9. In a lamp, the combination with a reservoir and a Wick tube composed of two shells, the outer of which is vertically slotted at the upper portion and a wick carrier arranged between the two shells of the Wick tube and having arms extending horizontally through the slots in the outer shell of the wick tube, of an outer air draft tube surrounding the outer shell of the wick tube and composed of two sections, the upper of which is rotary, and a shell or tube between the upper rotary section of the outer air draft tube and the outer shell of the wick tube provided with spiral slots engaging the arms of the wick carrier, the said spirally slotted shell or tube being secured to rotate through the movement of the upper rotary section of the outer air draft tube, substantially as specified.

10. The combination of the section E of the outer air draft tube, a shell or tube K and lugs is having horizontal extensions passing through the said section E and secured to the shell or tube K, substantially as specified.

11. The combination of the section E of the outer air draft tube, a shell or tube K and lugs 10 into some of which the slots of the shell or tube K open, substantially as specified.

12. In a lamp, the combination of an annular wick tube and a deflector or spreader comprising an annular plate of transparent material having a metal binding, substantially as specified.

13. In a lamp,the combination of an annular wick tube and a deflector or spreader comprising an annular plate of mica and a central bushing, substantially as specified.

14:. In a lamp, the combination of an annu- W prising an annular plate of mica, two annular plates lapping over the inner edge portion of said annular plate of mica, a central bushing turned over the two said annular plates and a binding fitted to the outer edge of the mica, substantially as specified.

17. In a lamp, the combination of an annular wick tube and a deflector or spreader comprising an annular plate of mica and a protecting binding of metal on the outer edge, substantially as specified.

EUGENE F. TRENT. I

Witnesses:

O. R. FERGUSON, WM. M. ILIFF. 

